?Plankton hitch-hikers on naturalists’ instruments as silent intruders of aquatic ecosystems: current risks and possible prevention

Organism dispersal is nowadays highly driven by human vectors. This also refers to the aquatic organisms that can often silently spread in and invade new waters, especially when vectors of act without brakes. Thus, it mandatory continuously identify human-mediated mechanisms organism implement proper biosecurity treatments. In this study, we demonstrate how plankton net – one basic instruments equipment every sampling person a good vector for invasions. We whether keeping an ethanol solution after treatment, what kind treatments are implemented people worldwide. The first simulation shows bloom-forming cyanobacteria easily infiltrate into environment thanks nets, prosper there. However, ethanol-based treatment efficiently prevented their proliferation environment. second simulation, based on wild from eutrophic lake, indicates plethora phyto- zooplankton taxa waterbody through sustain themselves there if only flushed left dry (an approach commonly used naturalists). Here, show native residents strongly shape fate hitch-hikers, but some them like successfully compete with residents. Survey data alert us fact vast majority biologists use either ineffective or questionable less than tenth samplers disinfectant liquids. Our results emphasize lack methods facilitates invasions including invasive species great nuisance ecosystems. Considering naturalists usually different might be dispersal, necessary develop uniform No longer facilitating hydrobiological milestone we, worldwide, should achieve together nearest future want continue our desire explore, understand, protect save nature.